18
Mar

The Whole World is Watching: China’s Media War

When I was last in China, I was informally told that it would be acceptable to ask government and Party officials about virtually anything I wanted – unless of course it involved one of the forbidden “three T’s.”

“T” for Taiwan, Tiananmen, and Tibet.

All were apparently “T” for Taboo.

I guess someone forgot to tell the Tibetans.

In any event, that particular “T” has begun to boil over of late – and faced with vigorous Tibetan protests, followed by equally vigorous global criticism of their repressive response, China’s top officials countered in a most modern and predictable fashion with an all-out, full-tilt media offensive aimed at controlling both domestic and international perceptions of the ongoing conflict.

On the international front, the Chinese government responded by blocking foreign broadcasters such as CNN and BBC, cutting off websites such as YouTube, and denying journalists access to the Tibetan region — even going so far as to stop CNN reporters when they were still hundreds of miles away. In addition, top officials, including the region’s governor, attacked Western coverage as “ridiculous” at a press conference.

Domestically, after trying first to minimize the uprising, the Chinese government soon shifted and began to promote intense but one-sided television coverage, airing hour after hour of footage of last week’s riots in Lhasa. Employees at the state television service CCTV “were instructed to keep broadcasting footage of burned-out shops and Chinese wounded in attacks,” as Tania Branigan reported in the Guardian. “No peaceful demonstrators were shown.”

Meanwhile, authorities in other areas of western China with large Tibetan populations banned all reporting of the protests and asked foreign journalists to leave, according to a report from Radio Free Asia, which also noted that the government referred to demonstrators as “the enemy” in an editorial in the Tibet Daily, the Communist Party newspaper in Tibet.

“These lawless elements have insulted, beaten, and wounded duty personnel, shouted reactionary slogans, stormed vital departments, and gone to all lengths in beating, smashing, looting, and burning,” the paper said. It also repeated the official line (Premier Wen Jiabao accused the Dalai Lama and his supporters of provoking violence to taint the Beijing Olympics and promote Tibetan independence) that last week’s rioting was instigated by the Dalai Lama, who is recognized by Tibetans as both a spiritual and political leader.

“Their atrocities are appalling and too horrible to look at, and their frenzy is inhuman,” the paper concluded. “Their atrocities of various kinds teach and alert us to the fact that this is a life-and-death struggle between the enemy and ourselves.”

Meanwhile, the international media watchdog Reporters Sans Frontieres (RSF) attacked China’s media blackout, noting that Beijing had stopped issuing permits for foreign correspondents to enter Tibet, and that at least 25 journalists, including 15 from Hong Kong, had already been expelled from Tibet or Tibetan areas.

“The freedom of movement for foreign journalists had been one of the few positive developments ahead of the Olympic Games,” RSF officials said in a statement. “But this is now being flouted by the Chinese government facing Tibetan protests. Yet again the Chinese government is trampling on the promises it made linked to the Olympics and is preparing the ground to crackdown on the Tibetan revolt in the absence of witnesses.”

As with other governments faced with legitimate dissent from its citizens – recent examples include those of both Myanmar and the United States — the first reaction to unrest is to try to control and contain information. The Pentagon even has a name for this tactic: information dominance. In China, where the media is directly overseen by an Orwellian Ministry of Information, along with the State Council Information Office, edicts are often issued telling media outlets what subjects they can cover, how they should be covered — and perhaps more importantly, which must be avoided. And the “three T’s” have topped that list for nearly two decades.

With the advent of the World Wide Web, it was thought that such barriers to information would topple. Instead the Chinese government created what has ironically come to be known as “The Great Firewall of China,” a well-funded, sophisticated, and ultimately successful effort to control the Internet and ensure that reporting and discussion about Tibet and other sensitive subjects such as relations with Taiwan — or what really happened at Tiananmen Square — remained severely constrained.

Will the world media now allow the Chinese government to establish “information dominance” over the Tibetans – and the rest of us? Or will the protests succeed in focusing world attention on China’s human rights record ahead of the Beijing Olympics — intended by the Communist government to boost its international image?

As one US State Department official told the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, “The Olympics is an opportunity for China to put its best face forward and show progress to the world” on human rights. “To be successful, they’re going to have to address some of these issues while the world is watching China. And the world will be watching China.”

But if the world’s media and citizens acquiesce in the face of the Chinese media offensive, what pictures of China – or of Tibet, Taiwan and Tiananmen Square – will that watching world be permitted to see?

Prime Minister Wen now says that Lhasa was returning to normal and “will be reopened to the rest of the world.” But he is not saying when, and he is not saying how. I’d like to ask him—but it’s apparently forbidden…

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5 Responses to “The Whole World is Watching: China’s Media War”

  1. 1
    Bev Says:

    Yes the whole world is watching. . .and then the shoulders shrug. . .and it’s “so what? Who will win March Madness?” it would be nice if someone in the US who is running for President would take a stand on the oppression of Tibet . . .but they won’t because 1) they don’t really care, 2) China OWNS us, & 3) hey, it’s just Tibet…no oil to be had there.

  2. 2
    Bev Says:

    apparently Rory, the whole world is NOT watching. . . just the two of us

  3. 3
    bamboos Says:

    you are shameless!!! which picture you are using? they are not Chinese army.open your eyes!!! want to mislead your readers deliberately? or you are too close-minded to figure out the truth??????????
    you are just as shameless as CNN!!!

  4. 4
    Anonymous Says:

    What bothers me is the self-righteous
    Westerners’ failure to examine themselves in the same light.

    Yes, China has a shaky record on human rights, but the West, particularly the US, has a human rights record that has
    created suffering around the world.

    In Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, weeklong peaceful demonstrations for Tibet’s autonomy turned into deadly riots Friday. The rioters now hold an area of the city, surrounded by government forces.

    With biased reporting from the media and common misconceptions of the China-Tibet relationship, many Westerners are quick to condemn China and its human rights record, and the call to boycott the summer Olympics is renewed.

    The demonstrators question China’s historical claim over Tibet, a topic that arguments can be made for both sides.

    While Tibet has enjoyed prolonged periods of practical autonomy in the past, beginning in the 13th century, Chinese dynasties from Yuan to Qing had always claimed it within their borders.

    In other words, while China’s claim over Tibet may not be absolute, it is infinitely more legitimate than the United States’ claims over Texas, Hawaii and Puerto Rico.

    Those who chant the “free Tibet” slogan must understand that for all practical considerations, Beijing can’t allow Tibet to split from the central government.

    Strategically, Tibet, with its vastness and geographical obstacles, serves as an important buffer region against India.

    Taking Tibet out of China’s grasp would leave the rich and populous province of Sichuan and the inner provinces exposed and vulnerable.

    More importantly, Tibet is not the only region in China calling for its independence:

    Muslim separatists in Xinjiang province and the island of Taiwan are paying close attention to how Beijing handles the Tibet situation.

    Granting it independence, or even showing any signs of weakness, will set a dangerous precedent and encourage other separatist movements in the country.

    While I am deeply worried about the situation in Tibet, I remain optimistic that it will be resolved with minimal bloodshed. After the Tiananmen Square incident in 1989, Beijing knows better than to repeat history in Lhasa.

    As for those who fear an ethnic cleansing following the riots, they should ask themselves: What do you know about the China-Tibet relationship?

    China’s treatment of Tibet suggests the exact opposite. In the past two decades, it has invested heavily in Tibet without consideration of economic returns.

    Huge sums were spent in improving the region’s transportation - including building a railroad that connects Tibet to the rest of the country, diversifying its economy and providing free education to Tibetans.

    What bothers me more is the self-righteous Westerners’ failure to examine themselves in the same light.

    One cannot dispute that China has a shaky record on human rights, but one would be equally ignorant to say that the West, particularly the United States, has a human rights record to be proud of.

    Currently, the United States and the rest of the “coalition forces” remain in Iraq, locked in a five-year-old war that, if presidential hopeful Sen. John McCain has his way in the election, may last another 100 years.

    According to a September 2007 survey by Opinion Research Business, the estimated total number of war casualties in Iraq since the 2003 invasion exceeded 1.2 million.

    Reports of U.S. soldiers and mercenaries committing atrocious crimes surface regularly, yet the so-called human rights advocates don’t seem to care.

    One doesn’t hear calls to investigate the United States’ handling of the war and the staggering civilian casualties, yet riots in Tibet can raise overwhelming sympathy and finger-pointing from the West.

    It’s safe to say that Beijing doesn’t have the patent to hypocrisy.

    Countries act in their self-interests. Sometimes such acts are controversial, and often one country’s self-interest conflicts with others’.

    China is no exception, but at least it doesn’t cry foul at the first news a controversy emerges in another country. The West should do the same.

  5. 5
    Kuan Yan Says:

    even the CNN has made correction about the misusage and mis-caption of this picture. It is in NEPEL. Did you even read newspaper? Why all western always intend to be hypocrispy. Why not free Hawaii and Texas? By the way, don’t forget Iraq.

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